Change in PHQ-9 depression scores

Weight loss

Weight gain of ≥1%

p-value

≥1 point change in depression score:

>1% weight loss

N = 3509

N = 3769

0.003

Improved^a depression score, %

31.0

28.2

Stayed the same, %

34.3

33.5

Worsened^b depression score, %

34.7

38.3

>3% weight loss

N = 2242

N = 3769

0.001

Improved depression score, %

32.6

28.2

Stayed the same, %

32.6

33.5

Worsened depression score, %

34.8

38.3

>5% weight loss

N = 1403

N = 3769

<0.0001

Improved depression score, %

34.2

28.2

Stayed the same, %

31.9

33.5

Worsened depression score, %

33.9

38.3

Change in depression category:

>1% weight loss

N = 3509

N = 3769

<0.0001

Improved^c depression category, %

11.7

11.2

Stayed the same, %

76.1

73.4

Worsened^d depression category, %

12.2

15.4

>3% weight loss

N = 2242

N = 3769

0.003

Improved depression category, %

13.1

11.2

Stayed the same, %

74.1

73.4

Worsened depression category, %

12.8

15.4

>5% weight loss

N = 1403

N = 3769

<0.0001

Improved depression category, %

14.3

11.2

Stayed the same, %

73.5

73.4

Worsened depression category, %

12.3

15.4